References: Laxative
temp/constipation-4.matches:
1092-8472. 2001 Aug;4(4):309-315.
Slow-transit Constipation.
Bharucha AE, Philips SF.
Gastroenterology Research Unit and Enteric Neurosciences Program, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Idiopathic slow-transit constipation is a clinical syndrome predominantly affecting women, characterized by intractable constipation and delayed colonic transit. This syndrome is attributed to disordered colonic motor function. The disorder spans a spectrum of variable severity, ranging from patients who have relatively mild delays in transit but are otherwise indistinguishable from irritable bowel syndrome to patients with colonic inertia or chronic megacolon. The diagnosis is made after excluding colonic obstruction, metabolic disorders (hypothyroidism, hypercalcemia), drug-induced constipation, and pelvic floor dysfunction (as discussed by Wald ). Most patients are treated with one or more pharmacologic agents, including dietary fiber supplementation, saline laxatives (milk of magnesia), osmotic agents (lactulose, sorbitol, and polyethylene glycol 3350), and stimulant laxatives (bisacodyl and glycerol). A subtotal colectomy is effective and occasionally is indicated for patients with medically refractory, severe slow-transit constipation, provided pelvic floor dysfunction has been excluded or treated.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11469989&dopt=Abstract [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
temp/constipation-4.matches:
Prescrire Int. 2000 Dec;9(50):170-1.
Temozolomide and anaplastic astrocytoma: new indication. No clear proof of efficacy.
[No authors listed]
(1) Temozolomide, a cytotoxic agent, was recently licensed in France for treating patients with anaplastic astrocytoma who are in relapse or progression after standard therapy. (2) The clinical dossier contains only one non comparative trial. (3) In this trial, 111 patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or oligoanaplastic astrocytoma had not all had the standard treatment with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy based on nitrosourea plus procarbazine. In the subgroup of 54 patients who met these criteria, median global survival on temozolomide was 16 months, or 31 months from the start of initial treatment, which was no better than survival before the introduction of temozolomide. (4) The adverse effects of temozolomide include gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, vomiting, constipation), headache, and haematological disorders.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11475493&dopt=Abstract
temp/constipation-4.matches:yamanouchi.co.jp
We examined the effects of YM-31636 (2-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-8H-indeno[1,2-d]thiazole monofumarate), a newly synthesized 5-HT(3) receptor agonist, on defecation in normal and constipated ferrets, and evaluated it as an agent against constipation. YM-31636 facilitated defecation without inducing diarrhea or emetic episodes. This effect occurred within 1 h after oral administration, mostly within 30 min, whereas sodium picosulfate, a widely used laxative, tended to increase the frequency of defecation for several hours with much lower peak incidence than that of YM-31636, and induced diarrhea. UK14304 (brimonidine), an alpha2 receptor agonist, and morphine reduced the frequency of defecation and YM-31636 restored it. These effects of YM-31636 were antagonized by ramosetron, a 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist. These results suggest that YM-31636 could be promising in the treatment of constipation. Because of an early and reliable onset of action compared with sodium picosulfate, YM-31636 could make it easier to control the time of defecation.
online pharmacy ref. source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11476761&dopt=Abstract
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